{"id":565,"date":"2025-08-21T11:01:41","date_gmt":"2025-08-21T11:01:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/swarm.craa.cz\/?p=565"},"modified":"2025-08-23T09:49:49","modified_gmt":"2025-08-23T09:49:49","slug":"problematika-padu-ludskeho-subjektu-z-vysky-s-dorazom-na-vysku-zabradlia","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/swarm.craa.cz\/en\/problematika-padu-ludskeho-subjektu-z-vysky-s-dorazom-na-vysku-zabradlia\/","title":{"rendered":"Issue of falling of a human subject from height with emphasis on railing height"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Year 2, Issue 2, 2025
swarm.craa.cz, ISSN 3029-7508
Safety, Work And Rescue Magazine
Pages 4-12, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.71319\/swarm2502.04-11<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

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Issue of falling of a human subject from height with emphasis on railing height<\/strong><\/strong><\/h1>\n\n\n\n

Eduard Kolla1<\/sup><\/strong>\"\"<\/a><\/sup>, Veronika Adamov\u00e12<\/sup><\/strong>\"\"<\/a><\/sup>, Luk\u00e1\u0161 Szabo3<\/sup><\/strong>\"\"<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1<\/sup> \u00dastav znaleck\u00e9ho v\u00fdskumu a vzdel\u00e1vania, \u017dilinsk\u00e1 univerzita v \u017diline, eduard.kolla\"SWARMuniza.sk
2<\/sup> Fakulta bezpe\u010dnostn\u00e9ho in\u017einierstva, Katedra bezpe\u010dnostn\u00e9ho mana\u017ementu, \u017dilinsk\u00e1 univerzita v \u017diline, veronika.adamova\"SWARMuniza.sk
3<\/sup> Luk\u00e1\u0161 Szabo, lukas.szabo666\"SWARMgmail.com<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Type of Paper
<\/strong>Review<\/em>

Keywords<\/strong>
Biomechanics, fall from height, guardrail, multibody model, PC-Crash, reconstruction, simulation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

CC BY licensed Open Access article<\/em>
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Abstract<\/strong>
The presented paper describes a forensic biomechanical reconstruction of a human fall from a hotel balcony, with special emphasis on the effect of railing height. The reconstruction integrates methods from forensic engineering, criminal science, biomechanics, numerical simulation, and 3D documentation. By using a multibody simulation in PC-Crash combined with a metrically accurate 3D model of the scene derived from a point cloud, the study enables an objective, quantitative evaluation of the incident dynamics. The paper compares the reconstructed fall trajectory with legislative standards for railing height, highlighting potential safety deficiencies. The findings demonstrate how scientifically based numerical reconstruction can support expert opinions in legal proceedings and contribute to the design of preventive measures in construction, thereby reducing the risk of human falls from height due to insufficient structural design of building elements.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n

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This work was created within the project APVV-20-0626: Biofidelic human body surrogate to increase the objectivity within the forensic analysis of road traffic accidents.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This work was created within the project VEGA: 1\/0775\/24: Increasing the accuracyof 3D trace documentation for the purposes of forensic-technical and expert activities<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Funded by the EU NextGenerationEU through the Recovery and Resilience Plan for Slovakia under the project No. 09I03- 03-V05-00002.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The presented paper describes a forensic biomechanical reconstruction of a human fall from a hotel balcony, with special emphasis on the effect of railing height. The reconstruction integrates methods from forensic engineering, criminal science, biomechanics, numerical simulation, and 3D documentation. By using a multibody simulation in PC-Crash combined with a metrically accurate 3D model of the scene derived from a point cloud, the study enables an objective, quantitative evaluation of the incident dynamics. The paper compares the reconstructed fall trajectory with legislative standards for railing height, highlighting potential safety deficiencies. The findings demonstrate how scientifically based numerical reconstruction can support expert opinions in legal proceedings and contribute to the design of preventive measures in construction, thereby reducing the risk of human falls from height due to insufficient structural design of building elements.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":646,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"disabled","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"disabled","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[9,5],"tags":[16],"class_list":["post-565","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-prace-ve-vyskach-a-nad-volnou-hloubkou","category-bezpecnost-prace","tag-prehledovy-clanek"],"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":["https:\/\/swarm.craa.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/020B4_webp.webp",488,437,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/swarm.craa.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/020B4_webp-150x134.webp",150,134,true],"medium":["https:\/\/swarm.craa.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/020B4_webp.webp",488,437,false],"medium_large":["https:\/\/swarm.craa.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/020B4_webp.webp",488,437,false],"large":["https:\/\/swarm.craa.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/020B4_webp.webp",488,437,false],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/swarm.craa.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/020B4_webp.webp",488,437,false],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/swarm.craa.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/020B4_webp.webp",488,437,false],"trp-custom-language-flag":["https:\/\/swarm.craa.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/020B4_webp-13x12.webp",13,12,true]},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"info@itshk.cz","author_link":"https:\/\/swarm.craa.cz\/en\/author\/infoitshk-cz\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"\u010cl\u00e1nok predstavuje forenzn\u00fa biomechanick\u00fa rekon\u0161trukciu p\u00e1du \u013eudsk\u00e9ho subjektu z balk\u00f3na hotelovej izby, s\u00a0osobitn\u00fdm d\u00f4razom na vplyv v\u00fd\u0161ky z\u00e1bradlia. Rekon\u0161trukcia integruje met\u00f3dy z oblasti s\u00fadneho in\u017einierstva, kriminalistiky, biomechaniky, numerickej simul\u00e1cie a 3D dokument\u00e1cie. Pomocou multitelov\u00e9ho simula\u010dn\u00e9ho modelu v softv\u00e9ri PC-Crash, v kombin\u00e1cii s metricky presn\u00fdm 3D modelom miesta vytvoren\u00fdm z mra\u010dna bodov, je umo\u017enen\u00e9 objekt\u00edvne a…","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/swarm.craa.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/565","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/swarm.craa.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/swarm.craa.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarm.craa.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarm.craa.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=565"}],"version-history":[{"count":23,"href":"https:\/\/swarm.craa.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/565\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":736,"href":"https:\/\/swarm.craa.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/565\/revisions\/736"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarm.craa.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/646"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/swarm.craa.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=565"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarm.craa.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=565"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarm.craa.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=565"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}