Issue of falling of a human subject from height with emphasis on railing height

Abstract
The presented paper describes a forensic biomechanical reconstruction of a human fall from a hotel balcony, with special emphasis on the effect of railing height. The reconstruction integrates methods from forensic engineering, criminal science, biomechanics, numerical simulation, and 3D documentation. By using a multibody simulation in PC-Crash combined with a metrically accurate 3D model of the scene derived from a point cloud, the study enables an objective, quantitative evaluation of the incident dynamics. The paper compares the reconstructed fall trajectory with legislative standards for railing height, highlighting potential safety deficiencies. The findings demonstrate how scientifically based numerical reconstruction can support expert opinions in legal proceedings and contribute to the design of preventive measures in construction, thereby reducing the risk of human falls from height due to insufficient structural design of building elements.